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Breathing process during transformer operation: with the oil temperature rising, the volume of oil expands, the excess oil in the tank enters the oil chamber of the oil storage tank (referred to as "oil chamber"), the volume of the oil chamber becomes larger, and the gas in the oil tank air chamber (referred to as "air chamber") is squeezed out and discharged into the atmosphere through the breathing apparatus; When the oil temperature in the tank decreases and the oil volume shrinks, the oil in the oil chamber enters the tank, and the atmosphere is sucked into the air chamber through the breathing apparatus. The oil level in the oil chamber is indicated by the oil level gauge. Oil level gauges are generally pointer type oil level gauges and glass tube type oil level gauges with small capsules, which are isolated from the atmosphere. The oil level gauge actually indicates the corresponding pressure in the tank. In addition to the transformer with expandable radiator, both distribution transformers, medium transformers and large transformers are equipped with breathing apparatus, which is the barrier between the transformer gas chamber and the outside world for exhaust. It plays a drying and filtering role on the gas entering the transformer, and its role is very important. When the respirator is blocked or the internal silica gel has a large degree of delixing, it will threaten the safe operation of the transformer. As substation operators, they must carefully observe and maintain the operation of breathing apparatus.

Running respirators are filled with silicone in blue or white. The appearance of discolored silicone dry is blue or light blue glass particles, when the adsorption moisture gradually becomes light red, white silicone gradually becomes pink or brown when wet, when the moisture absorption agent discoloration is close to 1/5, should be replaced in time, and pay attention to cleaning the oil seal under the respirator, replace the clean oil.

Precautions for respirator maintenance:

1. During operation, maintenance and replacement of respirator silica gel must be kept at a safe distance stipulated by safety regulations; otherwise, power should be cut off.

2. According to the operation procedures of the transformer, when the oil level meter abnormally rises or the respiratory system has an abnormal phenomenon, and the gas or oil discharge valve needs to be opened, the heavy gas should be changed to the signal.

3. The replacement of silicone should be carried out in good weather and moderate air hours. After removing the respirator, wrap the head of the breathing tube with clean plastic paper immediately to prevent moisture from entering.

4. At the same time, the replacement of silicone gel should be cleaned and replaced with transformer oil in the oil seal (usually according to the daily inspection regulations of the transformer, timely discovery and timely replacement), the oil surface of the oil seal should be higher than the gas ring (about 2/3), otherwise it can not play the role of the oil seal.

5. When replacing silicone gel, you should do a good job of self-protection. If silicone gel enters your eyes, you need to wash with a lot of water and find maintenance personnel to replace it as soon as possible. Blue silica gel contains a small amount of cobalt oxide, which is toxic. Avoid contact with food and inhalation. In case of poisoning, maintenance personnel should be contacted immediately.

6, the replacement of silicone can be reused. When drying and regenerating, attention should be paid to gradually increase the temperature, so as to avoid violent drying caused by silica burst, reduce the recovery rate. When the silica gel is roasted and regenerated, the pore structure of the silica gel is changed because of the high temperature, and the adsorption effect of the silica gel is obviously reduced. For blue rubber indicator or color-changing silica gel, the temperature of desorption regeneration should not exceed 120℃, otherwise it will lose color development due to gradual oxidation of color developing agent. After the regeneration of silica gel should generally be sifted to remove fine particles, in order to make the particles uniform. Dry and store for later use.